Abercrombie & FItch vs American Eagle Essay Example for Free

Abercrombie FItch vs American bird of Jove EssayINTRODUCTIONFashion may be delimit as a way of living, decorating, etc., which is popular nowadays, but will soon lose their popularity. It is something passing and temporary, a simple craze of the moment to be looked win upon with dislike. For example, stiff pants are the fashion today, but yet a short while past broad loose pants were the order of the day. If today a man appears in society wearing broad pants, he would be held up to ridicule, but only a few years ago they were the height of fashion, symbols of good taste and culture. American Eagle Outfitters (AEO) and Abercrombie foulmart (AF) are two companies that play a major role in the clothing industry. The undermentioned discussion with compare and contrast the competitive advantages of the supply chain of the two companies.COMPANY HISTORYAEOAmerican Eagle Outfitters, Inc., a billion dollar corporation, is ranked as one of the largest retail chains in America. With their central corporate driftquarters in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and two other corporate facilities located in cleanborn York City and Tokyo, Japan, American Eagle, Inc. operates numerous mainline rememberings, factory stores, franchised stores, and distribution centers across the country and the globe.In 1977, brothers, Jerry and Mark Silverman, who owned and operated Silvermans Menswear, a Retail Ventures, Inc. smart set, founded American Eagle Outfitters. Opening their first store in Novi, Michigan at Twelve Oaks Mall, the Silverman brothers were hoping to diversify their menswear line (AEO Management Co., 2013). Several stores were opened up and a catalog was created. American Eagle Outfitters continued to grow into 1990, when Jacob Price took over which led to the introduction of cursory, private-label intersection for men and women. In 1994, American Eagle Outfitters became soften of the NASDAQ stock exchange, which enabled the opening of 90 stores the following ye ar (AEO Management Co., 2013). In 1996, sore executives joined AEO and decided to modify the target demographics of the target market and clutches much women, as well as focus on those who were between the ages of 18 and 32.Shortly after, American Eagle expanded to e-commerce with ae.com. By 2000, American Eagle operated 500 stores and revenues for the company quintupled to $1 billion. The Canadian market was penetrated in 2001 and in 2003 American Eagle expanded to Hawaii. Aerie, a brand extension of American Eagle, focal point on intimates for women, was launched in 2006. Another line extension, 77kids, which offered clothing for babies to pre-teen girls and boys, was established online in 2008 and the first 77kids store was opened in 2010. Today, American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. operates over 1,000 stores, including 911 American Eagle Outfitters stores, 158 Aerie stores, and 21 77Kids stores, 21 of which are franchised around the globe. Additionally, ae.com, which includes lin ks to Aerie and 77kids, reaches 77 countries.American Eagle Outfitters offers apparel, shoes, and accessories for both men and women. Clothing merchandise is comprised of denims, sweaters, graphic Ts, fleece and workout suithirts, outerwear, tops and shirts, dresses, and skirts. Shoe merchandise includes sneakers, boots, flats, sandals, slippers, clogs, heals, loafers and socks. Accessories merchandise consists of jewelry, hats, sunglasses, scarves, bags, perfume and cologne, purses, and wallets. Aerie offers merchandise for college girls that include dorm wear, such as sweats and pajamas, exercise apparel, bras, underwear, accessories, and some personal care items. 77kids offers apparel for infants, children, and preteen girls and boys (AEO Management Co., 2013).AFAbercrombie Fitch originated in 1891 as a retail sporting goods store found in New York City. It was known for its wide variety of expensive and often exotic sporting equipment and attire, ranging from tennis shoes to elephant guns. For more than half a century, the stores apparel, guns, tackle, and other merchandise were the image of wealth and prestige.When it expanded, the firm confined its new branch stores to downtown areas of large cities and to resort areas. In the early 1970s, Abercrombie Fitch attempted to widen its guest base by adding less-expensive items to its usual stock and by moving into the suburbs, where other stores had been building for some time. Although these steps did attract new customers, they came too late Abercrombie Fitch was in financial trouble and filed for bankruptcy in 1976 after 85 years in business (Encyclopedia Britannica Online, 2013). Oshmans gaudy Goods, Inc. bought the firm in1978. In 1988 Abercrombie Fitch was bought by The Limited, Inc (Encyclopedia Britannica Online, 2013). Repositioned as the trademarked casual luxury brand, it became parent to the subsidiary brands Abercrombie kids, a childrens line launched in 1998 and marketed as Abercrombie Ho llister Co., a line for younger teens launched in 2000 RUEHL No. 925, a line targeting post-graduates launched in 2004 and Gilly Hicks, a womens line launched in 2008. Following Abercrombie Fitchs overhaul, the company received momentous criticism for its advertising and its clothing, which were perceived by many as encouraging its target audience to adopt a sexually promiscuous lifestyle (Encyclopedia Britannica Online, 2013).MISSION STATEMENTAEOAmerican Eagle has a clearly defined set of corporate values which guides the actions of employees at all levels of the AE placement PEOPLEThe vitality of our company resides in our people. We collaborate, we engage, we achieve (About.com, 2013). INTEGRITYWe hold ourselves accountable to the highest standards. In the face of difficulties and challenges, we dont compromise (About.com, 2013). PASSIONOur passion infuses our actions and purpose. It transforms stores into places of energy and customer delight (About.com, 2013). INNOVATIONWe o perate in a dynamic and competitive industry. We continually refine the unique processes that drive our business, and we use insightful research and outline to balance our instinct and to guide our decisions. Our associates embody entrepreneurial spirit, develop creative solutions, and initiate change (About.com, 2013). TEAMWORKWe work together listening to one another, reaching consensus and backing group decisions. We celebrate achievements. Because we respect and trust one another and commit ourselves to our company goals, our aggroupwork succeeds (About.com, 2013).Additionally American Eagle has a service goal that guides employees in their everyday retailing tasks We respond to the needs of our customer and enjoy the satisfaction of a job well done (About.com, 2013). AFAbercrombie and Fitch focuses upon high-quality merchandise that compliments the casual classic American lifestyle (About.com, 2013). But beyond that simple mission statement, Abercrombie Fitch emphasizes it s brand vision, brand attributes, and the value of the Abercrombie Fitch brand, which has been of ultimate importance since chief operating officer Mike Jeffries took on the leadership role. Abercrombie Fitch has said this about its brand to its stakeholdersThe AF brand is more authentic and relevant than ever. The brand is our lifestyle, our focusit ensures growth and promises st expertness. A great brand is a center of growth and revenueit represents a relationship with customers. Its not a faddish chip to be change in on shortsighted gains. The value of having a great brand is far-reaching and cannot be overstatedits a snowball effect. The AF label gives us the ability to evolve, creating endless growth opportunities. It helps us attract the brightest, most talented young people from around the country. It attracts millions to our website. It allows for greater profit margins. It lessens the risk of moving on new business concepts. It promotes innovation. It ensures long-term profitability. It adds built-in value to everything we produce. It accelerates growth. It stabilizes. It gives focus and direction. It produces an emotional response in consumers (About.com, 2013).Comparing these two mission statements, it is clear that American Eagle Outfitters is centre more on just their merchandise, unlike Abercrombie Fitch. AEO has a passion not only for their brand and employees but their consumers as well. While AF, is only focused on their brand not on theoperational execution of its employees, or the experience of its customers.This holds true of AF because recently their CEO, Mike Jeffries, came under fire for reportedly saying they only target to thin and beautiful people which is why they do not sell or make any size over 10 or large for women. Mike Jeffries has said, Thats why we hire bounteous people because good-looking people attract other good-looking people, and we want to market to cool, good-looking people. We dont market to anyone other than t hat (Walker, 2013). On AFs website, they claim to embrace diversity without the entire organization but what Mike Jeffries has been quoted saying, is distant of what the company claims they are about.We are committed to embracing the diversity of our associates and management throughout our organization. On the surface, our dedication to maintaining a diverse working and shopping environment can be easily seen by walking through one of our stores, domestically and internationally. More notably, Abercrombie Fitchs commitment can be seen through our exceptional diversity programs, whether they are internal or external, and the results they yield. Diversity reflects the multidimensional insights we share together with. Simply put, it is imperative to our growth that we staff our business with diverse talent and run our business with an inclusive mindset (Abercrombie Fitch, 2013).SUPPLY CHAINAEOAmerican Eagle Outfitters strategy to improve apparel factory working conditions starts with factory inspections establish on their Vendor Code of Conduct. They then focus on remediating the issues they find during those inspections, which often includes additional factory training and capacity building programs (AEO Management Co., 2013).They quisling with other brands and retailers, multi-stakeholder organizations, civil society groups, trade unions, governments, and others to better understand and address what is happening in the factories and countries where their clothes are made. By working together, they strive tocollectively develop more sustainable solutions to the problems they find (AEO Management Co., 2013).Finally, they are committed to being obvious about how they are doing. By reporting publicly on their efforts, this is one of the many ways they ensure that they remain focused on their goals, disciplined in their efforts, and accountability for their performance (AEO Management Co., 2013).AFAbercrombie Fitch has very tight control over the design and manufacturing of their clothing. To help the company keep control, have higher margins and comfort the brand, they design their own ranges which are manufactured exclusively for AF.The head office for AF is located in Ohio and is called The Campus. At this location, there is a center known as the Innovative Design Center. Here, a dedicated team uses over 100 wash, quality assurance, lab and graphic machines (Webb, 2009). They are responsible for merchandise design and development. Design packages were created by the company to reduce the time and appeal of product development (Webb, 2009). These design packages are then given to the vendors.By keeping strict control over design, manufacturing and product development, the company is able to protect the brand from being copied and having the image damaged. By having greater control, it allows AF to deliver on their promise to the customer and consumer. This in turn creates a relationship based on trust and gives them a competitive advantage.Again, with Abercrombie Fitch, they are more focused on keeping control of their brand and image, while American Eagle Outfitters are seek to improve factory conditions for their workers. This once again proves that AF does not care about their people.CONCLUSIONIn summary, Abercrombie Fitch and American Eagle Outfitters play a significant role in the clothing industry. While AFs practices are somewhat contradictory and outlandish, AEO remains the opposite. AF needs to take a cue from AEO and focus more on their consumers than just their brand. There is no question why it is that AEO is ranked at 649 on the Fortune 1000 List and AF is trailing behind them at 651 (Salesforce, 2013).Works CitedAbercrombie Fitch. (2013). Diversity Commitment. Retrieved from AF Cares http//www.anfcares.org/diversity/commitment.jsp About.com. (2013). Abercrombie Fitch Mission Statement. Retrieved from About.com http//retailindustry.about.com/od/retailbestpractices/ig/Company-Mission-Stateme nts/AbercrombieFitch-Mission-Statement.htm About.com. (2013). American Eagle Company Mission Statement. Retrieved from About.com http//retailindustry.about.com/od/retailbestpractices/ig/Company-Mission-Statements/American-Eagle-Mission-Values.htm AEO Management Co. (2013). AEO History. Retrieved from American Eagle Outfitters http//phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=81256p=irol-history AEO Management Co. (2013). AEO Supply Chain. Retrieved from American Eagle Outfitters http//www.ae.com/web/corpResp/supply_chain/our_strategy.jsp Encyclopedia Britannica Online. (2013). Abercrombie Fitch. Retrieved from Encyclopedia Britannica Online http//www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1121/Abercrombie-Fitch Salesforce. (2013). Fortune 1000 Company List. Retrieved from Data.com Connect https//connect.data.com/directory/company/fortune/1000 Walker, T. (2013, May 08). Not available in XL. Retrieved from The Indepedent http//www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/not-available-in-xl-abercrombief itch-ceo-mike-jeffries-accused-of-only-wanting-thin-and-beautiful-people-8608022.html Webb, B. (2009). Managing the Fashion Brand Case Study Assignment.

Economics Practice Problems Essay Example for Free

Economics Practice Problems Essay1. Which of the following would most likely typesetters model equilibrium quantity and impairment of x to modernise?(a)a happen in income when the income elasticity of drive for x is positive Wrong. This will cause a drop in demand and thus a fall in quantity. (b)a fall in the price of complementary product yCorrect. A fall in a complementary product will cause a rise in demand for that product y and thus a rise in demand of product x (see graph). (c)a fall in the price of substitute product ZWrong. A fall in a substitute product will cause an increase in the demand for product Z and thus a fall in the demand for product x. (d)an increase in the cost of producing xWrong. The increase in proceeds cost will decrease supply (see graph).(e)a fall in the price of product A which is jointly produced with x Wrong. A fall in price of a jointly produced product will give the fillip to produce more A. If this incentivizes the producer to also increa se the supply of x, the effect would be resister as in (d) less price and more quantity.2. Which of the following is not characteristic of a cartel situation?(a)While disagreement over production quotas whitethorn occur, once set, there is little incentive for cheating. Correct answer. In a cartel there are incentives to cheat (all other are characteristics of a cartel). (b)There is an incentive for some producers not to join.(c)Entry of new producers is a threat to the cartels viability. (d)Long-run demand elasticity can pose an obstacle to success. (e)Output must be less than the competitive case for the cartel to be effective.

Is Cloning Playing God?

Is Cloning Playing God?Imagine sitting down, all of the sudden, you look to your left, and what do you see. Yourself, as a seven-year-old babe, but wait a minute, you be 30 years of jump on. This child is genetically identical to you, however, his pargonnts are not yours and although you see many similarities, this child is acting in a way of life you have never acted. This child as you can see knows more about engineering science than you did at that age. Why? The answers is simple, this seven-year-old child is growing in a different era an era where technology is necessary. So is this child satisfyingly your re-create or? This child has a different set of parents than you, yet this child does not have one angiotensin converting enzyme gene from them. Is it clone a valet being walkawaying God?Scientists have been experimenting with clone for at least(prenominal) forty years however, it was not until February 24, 1997 and the modernistics of the successful cloning of Dol ly the sheep from mammary cells of an adult sheep, that reaction emerged from around the world. Now a day, we have comprehend of other animals, such as sheep, mice, cows, pigs, goats, dogs, and cats, as well as other things have been cloned with no condemnation. Conversely, the possibility of human cloning is for most an abomination.The idea of cloning humans has created a mixed of emotions, including confusion in society. Cloning for most of the people, means changing the history of humanity. Even though, Ian William, the Scotland scientist that cloned the sheep, agree to never clone humans, xxx hours after the news of Dolly circle the world, a bill was passed in New York by Legislator, John Marchi, to make human cloning illegal. Furthermore, other scientists, physicians, standpat(prenominal) ministers, and rabbis joined the Thou Shalt Not Clone tender-hearteds movement and among the reasons to banned cloning were the human rights to have a set of biological parents (Pence 23). Almost globally but mostly in the USA and Europe there is a devastating agreement, stating that human cloning is unethical therefore, it should be prohibited by rightfulness. On the other hand, there is not a clear explanation or reasons to explain as to why cloning breaks societys basic moral principles. Answering the how clones are created question can shed a light and might provide a reason in favor or against it.In early 1970s, the uncovering in medical ethics (bioethics) has attracted many philosophers because it seems to help answer questions about the beginning and end of life, which is something that philosophers have continually thought about. Modern science and technology continue to raise new questions of morality, death, and new ways of reproducing the human kind. On the other hand, philosophy is about questioning assumptions. The status quo has dictated that is unthinkable to clone humans. To which philosophy responds Unthinkable? Let us think about that (Pence 35) .Cr eating a human through cloning is very different from creating humans through in vitro or IVF (under glass fertilization). Cloning is considered asexual reproduction because unlike the other two methods mentioned where an individual is created from two different sets of 23 chromosomes, the individual created through cloning would have the same 46 chromosomes as the donor. Cloning implies the removal of the nucleus of an oocyte (egg) and introducing the donors nucleus. Keeping in mind that a nucleus is what holds genetic information and by removing the original nucleus and inserting the donor, this process creates a new artificial cell with the potential to be used to develop a new human being (clone). Scientists would have to biochemically manipulate the process in order for the cell body (oocyte) to accept the new nucleus. After this process is of reproductive cloning is accurate in a laboratory setting, this oocyte has to then be implanted in a womans uterus for the embryo to fu lly develop (Pence 15).In the intrinsic globe of a human being, the oocyte (from the female) and the sperm (from a male) unite in a process called fertilization. Each the oocyte and the sperm have a nucleus, which hold genetic data from each one of the parents. Unlike cloning, there is no separation or removal of the oocytes nucleus, thus, creating a new and unique human being, with a different genotype. other(prenominal) subject for discussion is the idea of utilizing artificial uterus to grow these embryos thus, denying the fetus of bonding with the mother. Then again, a clone would not be considered human, unless a real flesh-and blood female gestate such embryo (Tannert 238).On another matter, humans already sustain natural clones. Monozygotic twins are the natural production humans trough the same fertilized cell. The division of the cell into two genetically identical individuals is considered pattern but rarely and although identical, they are not unflawed copies. Furth ermore, they are still the product of a natural process of fertilization and mutation and not cloning or biochemically use. Therefore, the genetic material has done for(p) through an intertwine process to create a new genotype ( (Tannert 239).Alternatively, an embryo produced in a laboratory, has been artificially constructed by human action. A manipulation that might grow up into a human, but considered an object. There are no possibilities of random mutation, as in the monozygotic twins, because to be considered a clone, it has to be genetically identical to the donor. Therefore, the argument becomes one of ethical evaluation giving a point to a legal ban on reproductive human cloning because we must not enforce ones genetic identity to another individual.Humans for the most part strive for autonomy and so, by cloning we are restricting the cloned individual of some of the basic components of human survival thus violating what constitutionally underwrite human rights.Whether it is life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, which the US Declaration of liberty lists as the unalienable rights of humankind whether it is libert, galit, fraternit, the famous motto of the French revolution or whether it is the simple and elegant statement that The dignity of man is sacrosanct, the first condemn of the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany (Tannert 238).If one uses Immanuel Kant philosophies and adds the science of cloning, cloning uses one persons genetic material (to clone) as a vehicle to achieve the needs of another person (the person cloning). Therefore, one can say that this process is unethical and why it should be forbidden.On the other hand, for example, the first IVF baby born(p) in England in 1978 is a normal woman. At first, the idea of producing humans in a tube was insane because of possible birth defects, since then thousands of kids have been born utilizing this method. The same people arguing against it in the past were the same peop le arguing against cloning. The National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC) has also suggested a federal law to sanction any effort to create a human by cloning. This organization utilized the Americans illogical reservation of human cloning as a motive for a ban. The fears come from fictional movies and novels of human cloning, as well as, not being able to trust scientists. Arguments against human cloning thus far have been based on human emotions and ethics rather than facts. Emotions, however, can change with evidences. Artificial insemination for example, was once looked at as a deviance, now considered a social norm. Also, genetic testing for Down syndrome through amniocenteses because selection of pregnancy was an option.Cloning can offer some benefits It can help scientist to comprehend how cells age it can help with treating mitochondrial DNA diseases and more importantly can eliminate the use of embryos for research. This could be accomplished by using the de-differentia ted cell in the normal stage without fusing them to an egg, to create an embryo for reproductive experiments (Pence 46). There is also Polly the sheep, the first cloned animal to have a human gene in 1997. Polly was able to produce a human protein in the milk to help individuals, such as hemophiliacs and bone diseases suffers that are not able to produce it. (CNN interactive). With Wilmuts techniques and discoveries, there is the possibility of new therapies to help sick people, for example, the alteration of a gene can help the treatment of cystic fibrosis and the transplant of pigs organs to dying humans could be genetically altered to reduce rejection (Pence 22).Scientists agreed that the possibility of having an identical genetic person is nearly impossibleEven clone cells, with identical set of genes, vary middling in shape or coloration. the jump is made from molecules to cells, complexity jumps exponentially because molecules can be combined in thousands upon thousands of wa ys from cells (Pence 31)Therefore, even if scientists try to play God, the odds of reproducing identical cells are close to zero. People should be given an opportunity to hear both sides of the arguments in favor or against it, and then ballot on what they think is correct. The cloning techniques need to be perfected, the odds of a human cloned survival is poor and uncertain furthermore, no one can guarantee perfect babies with no birth defects, but then again, even though natural fertilization, no one can guarantee a perfect baby. Human cloning it might look like playing God however, God is a God of perfection, and that is something no human can ever achieve. Every single time the debate comes up-after Ian Wilmuts first cloning experimentations on mammals, after the Raelians claim to have cloned a human being, and in recent times, in the stir of the sec Korean cloning scandal-the community, legislators and the media all express a profound apprehension with human cloning (Pence 16 ).

Good Driving Habits

Good capricious HabitsIntroductionThe paper is aimed at forming a backing about the good habits of a suitr. It explains the combination of driving practices and actions of which a driver is conscious of, for forming good driving habits. People have always a difference of opinion on what is good or bad. This applies at the driving habits too, perception about good and bad of a driver and his habits may differ, heretofore a common approach is generally under study in the following report. The report accommodates the background of the topic, explaining its virtues and driving habits in detail. It will then include the concluding comments and recommendations based on the discussed topic.The topic is important as driving is the serious matter and people need to develop proper skills of driving earlier they turn their vehicles on the road. Proper driving skills be mandatory in case of saving wholenessself and others from the minor to major road accidents. Thus, a driver necessitate to follow the rules and regulations to keep him, and others save from any kind of injury and trouble.BackgroundGood driving abilities, like all other aptitudes and skills, can fade or weaken without practice. Therefore at that place are specific propensities that can make the whole process much smoother over the long haul. Taking afterward certain driving consideration instructions may very well improve a driver and enhance his security on the open street.numerous drivers fall into the propensity for doing whatever feels just about good concerning controlling. Some like to control their autos with single hand, while others want to place both hands at the steering wheel. Its amazingly vital to have both active the hands on steering, and in the best possible position, at all multiplication so as to get ready for a minute ago moves. (Molla, 2015)Vehicles experience a gigantic measure of troubles with starting and breaks consistently, so its no big surprise that mechanical materia lisations can now and then leave the woodwork. Its generally a decent propensity to tap the brakes much earlier than the ceasing point as opposed to hammering on the brakes finally, which can deliver a vast deal of superfluous wear and tear. Falling into these great propensities can make driving more secure, more pleasant and less upsetting. (Good driving habits. (n.d.), 2015)For developing safe driving habits and being a good driver, one needs to follow the below pointsLearn Defensive DrivingWatch out for other awful driversStay away from in auto diversionsDont drive when tiredUtilize your turn signalsKeep a separation between the autos before you and yourself.Lessen your rate of speed when passing close street perils or in terrible climate.Keep your auto tuned up and kept up.Check your blind sides.Verify your safety features. (Top 10 Habits of Safe Drivers Alternative, 2014)Driving issues related to UAEThe most recent measurements reported by traffic control administration in UAE, has claimed a noteworthy change in movement security in the melt down of recent years. As per the reports, it is noted that because of this noteworthy decrease, fatalities created by run-over mishaps dropped by 54%, auto collisions by 40%, fatalities brought about by car crashes by 35%, and genuine wounds diminished by half. Likewise, movement related fatalities diminished by 59% every 100,000 occupants, notwithstanding the expanded number of enlisted vehicles by 12% over the period.There is a consistent change in the levels of drill security as indicated by the directorates constant and thorough endeavors in executing the complete arrangement, which was produced and instigate in 2010.As a main driving concerning activity, awareness messages are telecasted through different radio stations over the UAE in three say dialects (Arabic, English and Urdu). The Awareness messages will be conveyed by students of both genders (male and female) around 11-14 years of age and were prer ecorded at Security Media Department radio. In conclusion, the activity goes for upgrading and advancing the movement security society among folks and additionally the different fragments of street clients. (SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT TRAFFIC AND LICENSING, 2015)Issues and Problem speeding is a major issue in the UAE, and especially so in Dubai. The citys transient populace and a regularly changing gathering of drivers mean the way of life of Dubai driving is inadequate with regards to development.Dubai has a general more youthful driver demographic than numerous different nations, and more youthful individuals are clearly less experienced than more seasoned individuals, and mentally more obligated to make misguided thinking calls while driving. The UAE has a much higher extent of new drivers over a wide age range, and the probability of new drivers having a mischance amid their initial year and a half of driving is high, he clarifies.At that point there are the issues under focusA few dr ivers dont understand motoring is a genuine hobby that obliges 100 percent fixation.Decreased visibility because of tints, shades, roller-screen blinds and a mixture of different dangers is an alternate reason for concern.A few drivers can barely see out of their vehicles in sunlight, not to mention nightfall or night.Nobody less than 25 years old ought to be permitted in the drivers seat of such an effective vehicle, and particularly not without extra preparing to handle a high-fueled auto. A few merchants offer supplementary preparing to drive execution autos securely, however in this district individuals dont take up the offer of such offer assistance. (AroundTown, 2015)CommentsWhat are general precautions and measures taken by the UAE government to take control on youth behavior?What has caused to decrease the rate of accidents and roadside mishaps in the region?why is there a need for broadcasting the awareness message and to what extent the message has been made viral so that it influences the people?What will lead to the next of driving?My research at college will help answering these questions by providing a brief note on the overall statistics about UAE policing of traffic control. Speeding is becoming a major concern among youth who likes to drive fast as an adventure. My study highlights the dangers and threats along with the precautions to drive safe.BibliographyTop 10 Habits of Safe Drivers Alternative. (2014, July 11). Retrieved Feb 25, 2015, from http//beforeitsnews.com/ resource/2012/07/top-10-habits-of-safe-drivers-2373393.htmlGood driving habits. (n.d.). (2015). Retrieved Feb 25, 2015, from https//www.keys2drive.com.au/learning/driving_skills__tips/forming_good_driving_habits/a_list_of_good_driving_habits.aspxSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT TRAFFIC AND LICENSING. (2015, Mar 3). Retrieved Mar 15, 2015, from UAE- Interact http//www.uaeinteract.com/german/news/?ID=295AroundTown. (2015). What causes accidents on Dubais roads. Retrieved Mar 15, 2015, from h ttp//www.timeoutdubai.com/aroundtown/features/45764-what-causes-accidents-on-dubais-roadsMolla, T. (. (2015). Better Driving Habits Help Family Finances and the Environment. Retrieved Feb 25, 2015, from http//www.ase.com/News-Events/Publications/Glove-Box-Tips/Better-Driving-Habits-Help-Family-Finances-and-the.aspx

Plant Pigments and Photosynthesis

Plant Pigments and PhotosynthesisAnalysis1. The solubility and the intermolecular stings formed between the solute and the solvent are involved in the separation of pigments as it moves through a filter paper.2. The Rf values would be different if a different solvent was used be aim the solvent would have different characteristics which bear upons the capillary vessel action (because the Rf value is distance pigment mig targetd (mm) / distance solvent front migrated (mm), the capillary action would have a large impact on the Rf value), attraction of solvent molecules to one another, and each pigment lead not be equally soluble to the original solvent.3. The reaction center of photosynthesis contains chlorophyl a. Other chlorophyll a molecules, chlorophyll b, carotenes and xanthophylls capture return zip fastener and transfer it to the chlorophyll a located in the reaction center. Carotenoids also comfort the photosynthesis system from damaging ultraviolet rays.Part BPurposeCo ndition of Chloroplast vs. Rate of Photosynthesis The purpose of this lab is to observe and measure the effect of poached and unboiled chloroplast on the rate of photosynthesis of a chloroplast suspension made from spinach leaves.Presence of Light vs. Rate of Photosynthesis The purpose of this lab is to observe and measure the effect of the presence of crystallize on the rate of photosynthesis of a chloroplast suspension made from spinach leaves.Vari commensuratesCondition of Chloroplast vs. Rate of Photosynthesis supreme Variable Condition of chloroplast Dependent Variable Rate of Photosynthesis this will be measured by determining the portion transmittal of each chloroplast suspension. Controlled Variables amount of money of DPIP (mL), Temperature (C), and Amount of Phosphate Buffer (mL)Presence of Light vs. Rate of Photosynthesis Independent Variable Presence of Light Dependent Variable Rate of Photosynthesis his will be measured by determining the percent transmittance of each chloroplast suspension. Controlled Variables Amount of DPIP (mL), Temperature (C), and Amount of Phosphate Buffer (mL)HypothesisIf the condition of the chloroplast in the suspension was unboiled, and there was silly present, then there will be photosynthesis occurring in the cuvette. Photosynthesis the figure out by which the chloroplast within the leaf cells of green plants use sun write land to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. In order for photosynthesis to occur, the chloroplast needs to be operation, and calorie-free needs to be present to draw electrons for NADP to bind with. Because unboiled chloroplast and light are both present in cuvette 3, photosynthesis occurred rapidly. But if boiled chloroplast and light were present, photosynthesis would not occur. Boiling the chloroplast would pause and destroy the chloroplast, therefore ceasing the process of photosynthesis. If unboiled chloroplast was in the cuvette, but light was absent, photosynthesis wo uld not occur. Light is important in the process of photosynthesis. Light striking photosystem II is the cause of the frenzied electrons that bind to the NADP, but in this experiment, the compound, DPIP, will be used as a substitute to determine percent transmittance. Therefore, without properly functioning chloroplast and light present, photosynthesis in the cuvette will not occur.ProcedureFirst set up an incubation area that includes a light and a come alive sink. Use a 100 mL beaker or flask fill uped with water to be placed between the light source and the cuvettes. Then, because you need to persist in the chloroplast suspension cool, fill a bucket tercet quarters full with ice. Prepare the cuvettes by wiping all sides clean. Remember to handle them by touching the sides with the ridges. All solutions should be detached of bubbles. Place cuvette position with the clear side facing the light source in the strainimeter. Label the caps of the cuvettes with numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 , and 5. Then make a foil container and a cap for cuvette 2 and make sure it can be easily removed so you it can be placed into the tintometer for percent transmittance readings. This will keep the light out of cuvette 2 because it is a control. Remember to replace the foil between readings. Label the provided pipettes B for boiled chloroplast and U for unboiled chloroplast. control the boiled and unboiled chloroplasts. Fill the bulb of each pipette to about one-third its total size. Invert the pipettes and place them in your ice bath. Be sure to keep both chloroplasts on ice at all times. When you are dispensing the chloroplasts into the cuvette, gently shake the pipette to resuspend the chloroplasts. To cuvette 1 add 1 mL of orthophosphate buffer, 2.5 mL of distilled water, and 3 drops of unboiled chloroplasts cuvette 2 add 1 mL of phosphate buffer, 1.5 mL of distilled water, 1 mL of DPIP, and 3 drops of unboiled chloroplasts cuvette 3 add 1 mL of phosphate buffer, 1.5 mL of dis tilled water, 1 mL of DPIP, and 3 drops of unboiled chloroplasts cuvette 4 add 1 mL of phosphate buffer, 1.5 mL of distilled water, 1 mL of DPIP, and 3 drops of boiled chloroplasts cuvette 5 add 1 mL of phosphate buffer, 1.5 mL + 3 drops of distilled water, and 1 mL of DPIP. Link the computer to the colorimeter, and prepare Logger Pro. loan three drops of unboiled chloroplasts to the water and phosphate buffer as indicated in the table. Cap the cuvette, place it into the colorimeter and use it to calibrate the colorimeter. Finally, add three drops of unboiled chloroplasts to cuvette 2, immediately start your stopwatch, and say the time and transmittance in the data table. Return the cuvette to its foil container and place it behind the heat sink. Add three drops of unboiled chloroplasts to cuvette 3, immediately record the transmittance and time. Add three drops of boiled chloroplast to cuvette 4, and record the time and transmittance. Check and record the transmittance of cuvette 5, which is the control. Record time and transmittance. Remember to check the transmittance of each cuvette at five-minute intervals from when the chloroplasts were added up to 15 minutes.ConclusionFunctioning chloroplasts and the availability of light are two important factors for the rate of photosynthesis. Light is needed to excite the electrons from the water molecule. Then the excited electron binds with NADP, or in this case, DPIP. When the DPIP accepts the electron, the compound begins to degrade. A greater concentration of DPIP is easily seen inside a cuvette because of the dark blue dye associated with the DPIP. As DPIP degrades, the color of the chloroplast solution begins to get visible light. A solution without DPIP would be clear. Percent transmittance would be greater if more light passes through the solution in the colorimeter. If a cuvette had functioning chloroplasts and was exposed to light, the DPIP would be breaking down at a faster rate in the controlled time, which would mean there are less DPIP compounds in the cuvette, resulting in a lighter colored suspension the amount of DPIP is directly related to the shade of the solution. The percent transmittance is determined from the shade of the suspension the lighter the solution, the humbleer the amount of DPIP remaining. Therefore, the decrease of DPIP in the given time would indicate that photosynthesis is indeed occurring in the cuvette.Our hypothesis is supported by the data because we hypothesized that in full functioning chloroplast with the presence of light would result in the occurrence of photosynthesis. In this experiment, we tested and observed the effect of the condition of chloroplast and the presence of light on the rate of photosynthesis. In cuvette 2, we added unboiled chloroplast and did not allow light to penetrate the cuvette. So we used aluminium foil to block out the light from the light source behind the heat sink. At 0 minutes, the light transmittance was at 17.5 %. But 10 minutes later the percent transmittance was at 19.9%. The data indicates that where was a small amount of DPIP reduced. When we removed the cuvettes foil shell to measure transmittance, light was introduced to the suspension. This indicates that the very little photosynthesis that occurred was the result of the light that excited electrons for DPIP to accept during the seconds between the removing and the replacing of the aluminum cuvette castings. In cuvette 3, there was unboiled chloroplast and light introduced to the mixture of distilled water, phosphate buffer, and DPIP. As you can see from the provided data table and graph, at 0 minutes, the transmittance was 18.09%. But 10 minutes later, the percent transmittance rose to 96.26%. Light struck the functioning chloroplast, excited electrons, and caused DPIP to break down as it accepted the electrons. This is evidence of photosynthesis occurring at a very fast rate inside cuvette 3. But 15 minutes later, the transmittanc e of cuvette 3 was to 96.83%. This shows that the rate of photosynthesis slows down, but this was the cause of the scarce amount of DPIP. The rate of photosynthesis was so fast that it used up almost all of the available DPIP in 10-15 minutes. In cuvette 4, there was boiled chloroplast in the suspension, and light was present. At the initial time, 0 minutes, percent transmittance was at 24.32%. 10 minutes later, the solution had a 28.47% transmittance. There is a slight join on in transmittance, but pictorial matter to light can cause DPIP to break down. If photosynthesis had occurred, it would have occurred at a much faster rate. The data would be similar to cuvette 3s data, but because of the slight increase of transmittance, photosynthesis did not occur. This proves out hypothesis that for photosynthesis to occur, light and functional chloroplast must be present. When the chloroplast was boiled, this destroyed the chloroplast. Therefore, without functioning chloroplast, photosy nthesis will not occur. Cuvette 5 was the control chloroplast was not added to the solution. At 0 minutes cuvette 5 had a transmittance of 25.22%. 10 minutes later cuvette 5s transmittance was 22.60%. This decrease is due to experimental error.Without light, functional chloroplast would be no use. In order for photosynthesis to occur, light must be present to excite the electrons. Because of the absence of light, DPIP will not degrade due to accepting excited electrons, for instance, cuvette 2s data. Without fully functional chloroplast, there will not be any electrons in photosystem II to excite, and the DPIP will not degrade because there arent any excited electrons to bond to, for example, cuvette 4. This data proves that for photosynthesis to occur, fully functional chloroplast and light must be present.AnalysisThe DPIP will be used to substitute the NADP electron acceptor. When light strikes the chloroplasts, the electrons are boosted to a higher energy level, which will reduc e the DPIP, turning it from blue to colorless. The DPIP replaces the NADP molecule. Electrons used to reduce DPIP are obtained when a water molecule is split. The colorimeter in this experiment measures the amount of light received at the sensor across from the light source in the colorimeter. If the chloroplast suspension, which is placed in between the light sensor and the light source, is darker in color, then we can imply that the DPIP in the solution has not yet broken down, which confirms that photosynthesis is not occurring. Darkness inhibits the reduction of DPIP because the light waves are not exciting the electrons in the chloroplast, the DPIP is not breaking down. Therefore, the DPIP remains in great numbers in the chloroplast suspension. The more DPIP, the darker the solution. Boiling chloroplasts does not affect the reduction of DPIP. When the chloroplast is boiled, it is nonfunctional. Because the chloroplast is nonfunctional, the photosystem II is unable to receive th e light and excite the electron. Because the electrons are not excited, the DPIP is not reduced. Chloroplasts that were incubated in the light are able to harness the energy from the light to excite electrons that is then accepted by DPIP. This causes a reduction of DPIP, which makes the originally blue chloroplast suspension to lighten in color. The lighter the solution, the greater the percent transmittance, because more light can pass through the solution in the colorimeter. Chloroplasts that were kept in the dark do not receive light and cannot excite electrons. The DPIP compounds are not broken down, which results in a darker blue suspension. When this is placed into the colorimeter to measure percent transmittance, less light will be able to travel through the suspension due to the dark-blue color of the suspension.Cuvette 1 was used to calibrate the colorimeter. This cuvette did not contain DPIP, which would resemble 100% transmittance because of the pretermit of dye in the solution.Cuvette 2 contained unboiled chloroplast and was kept in the dark. This was used to confirm that both functional chloroplast and light are needed for photosynthesis to occur because the combination of unboiled chloroplast and the absence of light did not produce a significance increase in percent transmittance.Cuvette 3 contained functional chloroplast and was placed in the light. The significant increase of percent transmittance proves that both functional chloroplast and significant light are necessary for photosynthesis to occur.Cuvette 4 contained boiled chloroplast and was placed in the light. The function of this cuvette was to prove that functional chloroplast and light are needed for photosynthesis to occur, but the small increase in percent transmittance may have been the result due to the light breaking down DPIP.Cuvette 5 did not contain any chloroplast or light. This cuvette was used as a control. It would be used as the baseline when analyzing data because it c an snitch any effects that is experienced by the cuvette that did not result from the presence of chloroplast or light.

Essay example --

Monique Kuwahara Professor Skoniezcy, IR 309 The Future of Free dispense and Women For more than two hundred years, wanton stack has been the genuine solution put forth by most prominent economists. If protectionist measures were done away with completely, theoretically each sovereign nation could rise to their highest capacity fit in to the theory of proportional advantage, thus leading to mass output, higher living standards for citizens and a clams gain for society. The 2003 Economic Report of the President reported that supererogatory trade ... Brings greater specialization according to comparative advantage, lower prices, and a wider selection of products and serve for both consumers and firms. Openness to trade allows exporters to sell their output in a larger market workers in export industries benefit as the resulting higher prices for the goods they acquit translate into higher wages and incomes. (CEA).However, the history of free trade has also been a tenuous one fraught with high sentiments of nationalism and high tariffs. Since Ricardo and smith first wrote on comparative advantage in the 1700s, numerous states have been in a race to climb the ladder of success and increase profits. But, free trade has consistently ignored women as it spread from certain nations to developing, leaving women to crawl and scratch their way to equal wages and basic workers rights. Especially in this time when more women hold degrees than men and refuse to conform to the patriarchal system, free trade cannot afford to ignore women like a shot in this global economy. Now, comparative advantage in free trade is calling out loud for the inclusion of women in the workforce and executive decisions rather than being pushed down by tradi... ...agricultural industry, this opens up opportunities for more affordable housing (more land opened up) for newly married couples that live at home with parents, reducing household grocery costs, and more l egato cash to spend on luxury goods. Japan is now in a unique position to culturally set an international precedent and simultaneously boost their economy. If more incentives were given to women to come back later on raising children, or not being passed up for promotion, this would give incentive to more women to appease in the workforce and not force them between a career or a family. By reconstructing traditional womens gender roles for women to successfully mix in the notoriously male-dominated workplace, and negotiations with the TPP countries, Japan can successfully kill their low birth rate and finally overcome the effects of the Asian Financial crisis. Essay example -- Monique Kuwahara Professor Skoniezcy, IR 309 The Future of Free Trade and Women For more than two hundred years, free trade has been the reliable solution put forth by most prominent economists. If protectionist measures were done away with completely, theoretically each sove reign nation could rise to their highest capacity according to the theory of comparative advantage, thus leading to mass output, higher living standards for citizens and a net gain for society. The 2003 Economic Report of the President reported that free trade ... Brings greater specialization according to comparative advantage, lower prices, and a wider selection of products and services for both consumers and firms. Openness to trade allows exporters to sell their output in a larger market workers in export industries benefit as the resulting higher prices for the goods they make translate into higher wages and incomes. (CEA).However, the history of free trade has also been a tenuous one fraught with high sentiments of nationalism and high tariffs. Since Ricardo and Smith first wrote on comparative advantage in the 1700s, many states have been in a race to climb the ladder of success and increase profits. But, free trade has consistently ignored women as it spread from developed n ations to developing, leaving women to crawl and scratch their way to equal wages and basic workers rights. Especially in this time when more women hold degrees than men and refuse to conform to the patriarchal system, free trade cannot afford to ignore women now in this global economy. Now, comparative advantage in free trade is calling loudly for the inclusion of women in the workforce and executive decisions rather than being pushed down by tradi... ...agricultural industry, this opens up opportunities for more affordable housing (more land opened up) for newly married couples that live at home with parents, reducing household grocery costs, and more liquid cash to spend on luxury goods. Japan is now in a unique position to culturally set an international precedent and simultaneously boost their economy. If more incentives were given to women to come back after raising children, or not being passed up for promotion, this would give incentive to more women to stay in the workforc e and not force them between a career or a family. By reconstructing traditional womens gender roles for women to successfully integrate in the notoriously male-dominated workplace, and negotiations with the TPP countries, Japan can successfully overcome their low birth rate and finally overcome the effects of the Asian Financial crisis.

Kyd’s The Spanish Tragedy - The Humanist Chronotope Essay -- Spanish T

Kyds The Spanish Tragedy - The Humanist ChronotopeIn Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel, Mikhail Bakhtin defines the chronotope as the intrinsic connectedness of temporal and spatial relationships that are artistically expressed in literature (84). That is what the chronotope is Bakhtin continues with what the chrontope does It can even be said that it is precisely the chronotope that defines genre and generic distinctions (85). In The Spanish Tragedy, Kyd layers three chronotopic zones to create a new chronotope, the humanist chronotope, which in turn creates a unique dramatic genre, one we might call humanist drama.According to Bakhtin, two seminal chronotopes from classical literature form the basis of most posterior chronotopes. The first of these seminal chronotopes is the adventure chronotope, found in romance narratives such as Longuss Daphnis and Chloe. Time in this chronotope is a random and non-causal chain of events characterized by suddenly and at just that moment that ends at the same point in biographical time at which it began. Time is thus infinite, reversible, and extratemporal it is also governed by chance, and therefore, Bakhtin writes, The initiative in this time does not belong to human beings (95). Extratemporal time requires extraspatial space that is abstract rather than concrete, as a concrete space, argues Bakhtin, would limit the origin of chance. Adventure space is also alien space a familiar world would also leave traces that would limit the chance that drives time in the romance.Apuleiuss The Golden Ass exemplifies the second seminal chronotope the adventure-everyday chronotope, a hybrid, as the name suggests, of the abstract adventure chronotope and a ... ...er a dumb show, so too result the audience understand the idea after the performance of The Spanish Tragedy. Kyds humanist chronotope thus places drama at the center of humanist tuition yet it is as a spectator, not as an actor or playwright, that one become s a humanist.WORKS CITEDBakhtin, M.M. Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel Notes toward a historic Poetics. Michael Holquist, ed. The Dialogic Imagination Four Essays by M.M. Bakhtin. Trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin U of Texas P, 1981. 84-258.Freeman, Arthur. Thomas Kyd Facts and Problems. Oxford Clarendon, 1967.Kyd, Thomas. The Spanish Tragedy. J.R. Mulryne, ed. New York W.W. Norton, 1989.Mann, Nicholas. The Origins of Humanism. Jill Kraye, ed. The Cambridhe Companion to Renaissance Humanism. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1996. 1-19.